Citrullination - Wikipedia

Citrullinated peptides and proteins can be detected using antibodies targeting the citrullinated residues, or detected using mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies. Citrullination of arginine results in a monoisotopic mass increase of +0.984016 Da, which can be measured with mass spectrometry..

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Site-specific incorporation of citrulline into proteins in mammalian ...

of protein citrullination remain challenging due to the difficulty of accessing proteins homogeneously citrullinated at a ... specific incorporation of unnatural amino acids (UAAs) into proteins ...

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Citrullination in the pathology of inflammatory and autoimmune ...

When immune tolerance to citrullinated proteins is lost, anti-citrullinated proteins antibodies (ACPAs) are produced that recognize the newly formed epitopes []. ACPAs are detected in 75% of RA patients, and, therefore, their detection is used as a predictive method before disease onset as they are present in the serum of patients even 5 years prior to the symptomatic phase of the disease [ 3 ].

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Citrullination: A posttranslational modification in health and disease

Peptide-bound arginine residues can undergo this modification and the resulting citrulline remains part of the protein as peptidyl citrulline. Citrulline is not a natural amino acid in proteins, therefore may induce immune response. The importance of citrullinated ...

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Citrullinated Proteins: Unveiling The Underlying Causes And Triggers

Citrullinated proteins are implicated in autoimmune diseases. Understanding their causes and triggers is vital for developing treatments. Autoimmune Diseases Citrullination is the conversion of the amino acid arginine in a protein into the amino acid citrulline.

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A quantitative and site-specific atlas of the citrullinome reveals ...

probability (>0.9) (Extended Data Fig. 2c), thereby ensuring high confidence in distinguishing between amino acids that become citrullinated or deamidated. The average localization probability of ...

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An Overview of the Intrinsic Role of Citrullination in Autoimmune ...

The products of this process are citrullinated proteins, which contain a nonessential amino acid, citrulline. The immune system can recognize the deiminated or citrullinated proteins as nonself-antigens and so mount an autoimmune response.

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Insights into the complexities of Citrullination: From immune ...

Citrullinated proteins can trigger the production of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), included in RA classification criteria. The immune response to citrullination involves both innate and adaptive immunity, affecting monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells.

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Identification of citrullinated α-enolase as a candidate autoantigen ...

It is not known whether citrullinated vimentin and fibrin are just two of multiple citrullinated autoantigens in RA, or whether there is a dominant autoantigen that has yet to be described. The premise of the current study is that, if there were such a candidate, it is likely to be present in myeloid cells, the dominant cell type in the rheumatoid joint.

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Citrullination modulates antigen processing and presentation by ...

Citrullination induces both proximal and distal changes in processing relative to citrullinated sites in the linear amino acid sequence To investigate the relationship between citrulline residues ...

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Citrullination

Citrullinated peptides and proteins can be detected using antibodies targeting the citrullinated residues, or detected using mass spectrometry-based proteomics technologies. Citrullination of arginine results in a monoisotopic mass increase of +0.984016 Da, which can be measured with mass spectrometry..

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