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If the histones near a gene have certain marks, open signs, they can tell us that in a particular cell we're looking at a gene that is "on" — is open for business. If those histones have a different set of marks like a closed sign, those can tell us that in a particular cell a gene is "off," or closed for business.
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dominate, α3 histones and DUF1931 pseudodimer ic histones, both of which also occur in archaea 9 . The DUF1931 proteins, exemplified by structures from Thermus
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測試版Histone post-translational modifications are covalent modifications of histones by phosphorylation on serine or threonine residues, methylation on lysine or arginine, acetylation and deacetylation ...
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測試版Chromatin refers to a mixture of DNA and proteins that form the chromosomes found in the cells of humans and other higher organisms. Many of the proteins — namely, histones — package the massive amount of DNA in a genome into a highly compact form
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測試版The unique structure of chromosomes keeps DNA tightly wound around spool-like proteins, called histones. Without such packaging, DNA molecules would be too long to fit inside cells! For example, if all of the DNA molecules in a single human cell were unwound from their histones and placed end-to-end, they would stretch 6 feet.
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測試版The term epigenome is derived from the Greek word epi which literally means "above" the genome. The epigenome consists of chemical compounds that modify, or mark, the genome in a way that tells it what to do, where to do it, and when to do it. Different cells ...
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測試版Between most (but not all) protein-coding regions, tRNAs are present (see the human mitochondrial genome map). During transcription, the tRNAs acquire their characteristic L-shape that gets recognized and cleaved by specific enzymes. With the mitochondrial RNA processing, individual mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA sequences are released from the primary ...
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High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is implicated in airway inflammation during the late phase of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Despite its recognized role, the specific mechanism underlying its release post-RSV infection remains ambiguous. The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) has been associated with interactions with numerous host proteins, affecting diverse physiological processes ...
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測試版View MCDB 205 Lecture 4_ 1_23_2025.pdf from BIOLOGY 102 at Winfield High, Winfield. MCDB 205 Lecture 4: 1/23/2025 Key Points and Ideas- Nucleus: Gene Expression Notes: Continuation of Euchromatin and Heterochromatin: EUCHROMATIN Regions of chromosomes with actively transcribed genes that are loosely packed in the nucleus and open to regulation by transcription factors HETEROCHROMATIN Tightly ...
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測試版This process can be accomplished by covalent modification of histones or by the action of ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzymes. Chromatin remodeling is essential for various cellular functions, including mitosis, differentiation, DNA damage repair, and the rearrangement of chromatin from a condensed state to a transcriptionally accessible state.
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Between most (but not all) protein-coding regions, tRNAs are present (see the human mitochondrial genome map). During transcription, the tRNAs acquire their characteristic L-shape that gets recognized and cleaved by specific enzymes. With the mitochondrial RNA processing, individual mRNA, rRNA, and tRNA sequences are released from the primary ...
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